ABSTRACT
In order to investigate the effect of various production processes on the quality of Safflower Injection, the biological activities of the intermediates were evaluated by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation in vitro. Intermediates were produced by key processes, such as extraction, concentration, twice alcohol precipitation, water sedimentation and two sterilizations during the production of Safflower Injection. The content of main chemical components in intermediates was determined by HPLC. The results showed that with the advance of the preparation process of Safflower Injection, the inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation rate of each intermediate decreased gradually, and the trend of extending APTT activity decreased first and then increased. Meanwhile, the content of hydroxy safflor yellow A (HSYA) was gradually lowered, the content of p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid was increased, and new chemical component p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was produced. In conclusion, sterilization played a key role in the biological activity and HSYA content of Safflower injection.
Subject(s)
Carthamus tinctorius , Chalcone , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Partial Thromboplastin Time , Platelet AggregationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the differences between advanced percutaneous vertebroplasty and routine percutaneous vertebroplasty,and evaluate the clinical application of advanced percutaneous vertebroplasty in treating senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2010 to January 2011,28 patients with senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture were concealed random allocated to advanced percutaneous vertebroplasty and routine percutaneous vertebroplasty group according to whether using advanced percutaneous pedicle puncture. Of them,there were 5 males and 23 females with an average age of (70.50 +/- 9.33) years old (ranged, 53 to 85). Course of disease was from 2 to 28 days with an average of (7.62 +/- 4.52). The fracture involved 34 vertebral bodies (19 segments of thoracic vertebrae and 15 segments of lumbar vertebra), 3 day's antibiotics were applied to prevent infections. The opreation time, X-ray fluoroscopy times were compared, and pain relief effect were evaluated by VAS (visual analogue scales) score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For operation time, there were significant meaning between routine group (49.00 +/- 7.74) min and advanced group (32.36 +/- 4.81) min (t = 6.828,P = 0.000 < 0.05); X-ray fluoroscopy times in advanced group (4.28 +/- 1.38) times was shorter than routine group (8.78 +/- 2.33) times, and had statistical significance (t = 6.222, P = 0.000 < 0.05); while there were no meaning in VAS scores between routine group (2.85 +/- 0.94) and advanced group (2.57 +/- 1.08) (t = 0.740, P = 0.456 > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with routine group, advanced group can shorten opreration time, reduce radiological hazard, further reduce image monitoring costs and surgical risk, and benefit from the application of advanced percutaneous vertebroplasty in treating senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Furthmore, it can provide reference to vertebral body biopsy and minimally invasive of pedicle screw fixation.</p>